Theoretically, you could get away with drinking nothing but meal replacement shakes while breastfeeding, but this would not be your best option.
Common advice for breastfeeding mothers is to eat a varied diet. Even though meal replacement shakes are very healthy and nutritious, you can’t get variety when consuming the same meal for breakfast, lunch, and dinner.
Having a meal replacement shake as a replacement for one meal or as a healthy snack to help increase your calorie intake (more on this later) is a better option.
The biggest issue with consuming only meal replacement shakes is that you would probably lose weight as your calorie intake would be relatively low.
Rootana, for example, contains 400 calories per shake, you can increase this calorie count by mixing it with other ingredients (fruits, nut butter, seeds etc.), but even so, you would be looking at <1,500 calories per day.
This may be desirable, but it is not a good idea while you are breastfeeding. Here’s why: